Searches for an Instagram link cleaner, a way to remove the identifier from an Instagram link, a Facebook link scrubber, or how to sanitize Instagram links all describe one operation: deleting the query parameters that identify you as the sharer, while leaving the part that identifies the post. This page does that operation.
You do not need an app or an extension for it. The cleaning runs as JavaScript on this page, against rules that ship with the page, so there is no request to a server carrying your link and nothing to install. If you would rather see every rule that exists rather than just the Meta ones, the main URL Cleaner lists them all.